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This research demonstrates a scandium nitride thin film generating a Seebeck coefficient over 124 mV/K, significantly surpassing traditional limits for inorganic semiconductors. Such high-efficiency thermoelectric materials could revolutionize waste heat recovery systems and enable more compact, self-powered sensors without relying on soft materials or liquids.
A crystal that defies thermoelectric rules
Just as we move away from a hot place to a comfortably cool one, so do charge carriers (electrons and holes) in atoms. If you heat one end of a metal bar, the carriers migrate towards the cooler end. As some charged particles migrate, there develops a pushback against the migration, leaving the two ends with a difference in electrical charge — one end positive, the other negative. When this happens, you have a voltage. This was discovered in 1821 by Thomas Johann Seebeck, a German physicist of Baltic extraction. Seebeck was experimenting with circuits…
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